![]() 6 The platform comes in 2 versions based on office or home use. According to Olleyes, this ergonomic, lightweight (0.3 kg) device performs full-threshold perimetry in as fast as 4 minutes per eye and screenings in 90 seconds per eye. The VisuALL Field Analyzer (Olleyes Inc.) VR VF perimeter ( Figure 7) is designed for standardized and mobile assessment of VF. The Vivid Vision Perimeter platform has been demonstrated to provide reproducible visual field sensitivity measurements for glaucoma patients and glaucoma suspects. Additionally, 2 other tests are included in the software platform intended for vision screening and scotoma measurement.įigure 6. The software is designed to be used at the patient’s home or in clinical settings where conventional perimetry is difficult, with the average test time lasting 10 minutes per eye. The default perimetry test is similar to a traditional 24-2. 3 The perimeter’s interface is programmable and comes loaded with several tests. This dynamic fixation target allows for a task-oriented virtual test environment that monitors eye movement by exploiting the fact that patients fixate accurately when performing high-precision tasks. Doing so allows for the classification of false positives on a trial-by-trial basis. The testing software utilizes a dynamic fixation marker that changes location from trial to trial, and patients respond by moving their heads or a hand-held pointer in the direction of the seen targets ( Figure 5). The Vivid Vision Perimeter (VVP Vivid Vision) is a VR perimetry platform specifically designed to operate on commercially available VR headsets and mobile headsets that do not require a dedicated computer ( Figure 4). Interclass correlation coefficient for virtual field index was 0.99, mean deviation was 0.74, and pattern deviation was 0.81.2 In a comparison of the Virtual Field (VVF Virtual Field Inc.) against Humphrey field analyzer (Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc.), Pearson’s correlation coefficient for virtual field index, mean deviation, and pattern deviation were 0.93 (P<.00001), 0.85 (P<.00001) and 0.79 (P<.00001), respectively. Reports can be integrated directly into any EHR, as well as can be downloaded in PDF format. Progression analysis software is included, and access to results can be obtained from any laptop or mobile device via the company’s HIPAA-compliant website. The stimuli are presented to each eye independently inside the headset. The test battery includes the traditional 24-2, 10-2, 30-2, kinetic, and frequency doubling tests. The system includes a VR headset, trial lens adapter, and clicker ( Figure 1). Virtual Field (VVF, Virtual Field inc.) launched its VR platform at the end of 2019. Because of their weight, these devices may not be the best choice for patients with head or neck injuries. However, VR headsets do not come without their limitations. Moreover, the average cost of the VR equipment is less than that of the SAP. The portability of the devices allows them to be used in any standard exam room in a clinical setting, and some models can even be used at home by the patient. ![]() Comfortability is most the most obvious, as these devices have a much-improved ergonomic design, significantly reducing any space restrictions or discomfort-induced reliability issues. Head-mounted perimeter devices that use VR offer many advantages over the current SAP devices. The purpose of this article is to shed light on the current landscape of VF testing by reviewing current and emerging virtual reality (VR) devices being used in the management of glaucoma, as well as how each compares to the current gold standard, the Humphrey field analyzer (HFA, Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc.). The advent of new technology has given physicians the ability to offer the full suite of VF testing in instruments that no longer require an entire exam room or dedicated testing area. Although VF testing consists of various methods, such as tangent screen, kinetic perimetry, and static perimetry, standard automated perimetry (SAP) is the gold standard method used for glaucoma management. However, the modalities used to perform these tests are rapidly changing. Visual field (VF) testing is, and always will be, a central aspect in glaucoma management. ![]()
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